Asylum relief may face a 'precedent'ial setback
The US Supreme Court’s decision to end the CHNV humanitarian parole program, potentially returning 532,000 people to their home countries, could have far-reaching repercussions, not just for immigrants from Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Venezuela, but for future asylum and parole efforts including those for Indians, immigration attorneys warn.
The acronym CHNV refers to Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans, and Venezuelans. It's used in the context of a US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) parole program that has been terminated.
Immigration attorneys point to the ruling as a harbinger of a more aggressive immigration rollback. “We can immediately expect this ruling to be cited by the Trump administration in litigation for every baseless, improvident, and even unlawful immigrant protection program termination going forward,” said Brian Murray, senior partner of Murray Osorio.
Experts said even asylum seekers who cite political, social, economic and religious persecution in their home countries as a pretext to gain quicker residency and citizenship could feel the strain. This includes Indian nationals, whose numbers, according to the latest Annual Asylees Annual Flow Report of the Department of Homeland Security, rose 855% from 4,330 in FY21 to 41,330 in FY23.
“Even Indian and South Asian asylum seekers, though not direct beneficiaries of parole in large numbers, are indirectly affected,” said Tushar Kumar, advocate at the Supreme Court of India. “Many of them are held at the southern US border or released on limited humanitarian grounds pending adjudication. Should the current precedent be extended, they may face longer detentions, reduced access to discretionary relief, and a heightened evidentiary burden to establish grounds for asylum, constricting access to justice.”
Deepak Ahluwalia, managing partner of Singh Ahluwalia, warns that entire populations depending on mass parole may now be forced to navigate slower, more restricted immigration pathways. “Populations relying on mass parole programs and potentially vulnerable Indian or South Asian nationals fleeing political or religious persecution could face barriers to entry. The current administration is ripping each fabric of our immigration policy—little by little.”
The court’s decision allows the federal government to dismantle the CHNV program, which had enabled thousands of migrants to live and work legally in the US. Experts say a powerful precedent, one enabling administrations to end group-based parole programs wholesale, has now been set.
“Future administrations might feel they have the authority to change or completely cancel humanitarian parole programs without needing to assess individual cases,” said Samuel McTyre, principal at McTyre Gutierrez PLLC.
McTyre added that the human and economic toll of the decision would be significant.
“This termination could result in painful family separations and the forced return of individuals to potentially dangerous environments. The CHNV program enabled migrants to work legally, contributing to vital sectors such as healthcare, construction, and hospitality. Revoking their work authorisation could lead to considerable labour shortages and broader economic disruptions.”
Experts estimate a potential annual loss of approximately $5.5 billion to the US economy.
Kumar believes that the decision also risks putting the US at odds with its international obligations. “The essence of non-refoulement lies in the guarantee that no person shall be returned to a territory where they face threats to life or liberty.”
Kumar also flagged the domestic operational consequences, saying “Over time, this will deepen the burden on asylum officers and immigration judges, who are already confronting backlogs exceeding 2 million cases.”
The acronym CHNV refers to Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans, and Venezuelans. It's used in the context of a US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) parole program that has been terminated.
Immigration attorneys point to the ruling as a harbinger of a more aggressive immigration rollback. “We can immediately expect this ruling to be cited by the Trump administration in litigation for every baseless, improvident, and even unlawful immigrant protection program termination going forward,” said Brian Murray, senior partner of Murray Osorio.
Experts said even asylum seekers who cite political, social, economic and religious persecution in their home countries as a pretext to gain quicker residency and citizenship could feel the strain. This includes Indian nationals, whose numbers, according to the latest Annual Asylees Annual Flow Report of the Department of Homeland Security, rose 855% from 4,330 in FY21 to 41,330 in FY23.
“Even Indian and South Asian asylum seekers, though not direct beneficiaries of parole in large numbers, are indirectly affected,” said Tushar Kumar, advocate at the Supreme Court of India. “Many of them are held at the southern US border or released on limited humanitarian grounds pending adjudication. Should the current precedent be extended, they may face longer detentions, reduced access to discretionary relief, and a heightened evidentiary burden to establish grounds for asylum, constricting access to justice.”
Deepak Ahluwalia, managing partner of Singh Ahluwalia, warns that entire populations depending on mass parole may now be forced to navigate slower, more restricted immigration pathways. “Populations relying on mass parole programs and potentially vulnerable Indian or South Asian nationals fleeing political or religious persecution could face barriers to entry. The current administration is ripping each fabric of our immigration policy—little by little.”
The court’s decision allows the federal government to dismantle the CHNV program, which had enabled thousands of migrants to live and work legally in the US. Experts say a powerful precedent, one enabling administrations to end group-based parole programs wholesale, has now been set.
“Future administrations might feel they have the authority to change or completely cancel humanitarian parole programs without needing to assess individual cases,” said Samuel McTyre, principal at McTyre Gutierrez PLLC.
McTyre added that the human and economic toll of the decision would be significant.
“This termination could result in painful family separations and the forced return of individuals to potentially dangerous environments. The CHNV program enabled migrants to work legally, contributing to vital sectors such as healthcare, construction, and hospitality. Revoking their work authorisation could lead to considerable labour shortages and broader economic disruptions.”
Experts estimate a potential annual loss of approximately $5.5 billion to the US economy.
Kumar believes that the decision also risks putting the US at odds with its international obligations. “The essence of non-refoulement lies in the guarantee that no person shall be returned to a territory where they face threats to life or liberty.”
Kumar also flagged the domestic operational consequences, saying “Over time, this will deepen the burden on asylum officers and immigration judges, who are already confronting backlogs exceeding 2 million cases.”
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