High BP in childhood may raise heart attack, stroke risk by 4x, finds study

A new study has shed light on the damaging effect of high blood pressure in children. The study findings which will be presented at the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2024 Meeting, scheduled to be held on May 3-6 in Toronto says that hypertension in childhood and adolescence may raise the long-term risk of serious heart conditions like stroke and heart attack , by four times.

To understand its long-term effect, researchers compared 25,605 children and adolescents diagnosed with hypertension between 1996 and 2021 in Ontario, Canada, to peers without the condition. The follow-up of 13 years showed that those with hypertension had a two to four times higher risk of experiencing heart attack, stroke, heart failure, or cardiac surgery compared to those without it.

Hypertension affects one in every 15 children and adolescents worldwide
High blood pressure (hypertension) in children is becoming increasingly recognized as a significant health concern. While less common than in adults, high blood pressure in children can have serious implications for their long-term health if left untreated.

Several factors contribute to high blood pressure in children, including genetics, obesity, unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, and certain medical conditions such as kidney disease or hormonal disorders. Additionally, children from families with a history of hypertension are at higher risk.

Untreated high blood pressure in children can lead to various complications, including damage to the heart, kidneys, blood vessels, and brain. It can also increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases later in life.

Diagnosing high blood pressure in children can be challenging due to variations in blood pressure readings based on age, height, and sex. Regular blood pressure screenings during routine pediatric visits are essential for early detection.

Treatment for high blood pressure in children typically involves lifestyle modifications such as adopting a healthy diet, increasing physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight. In some cases, medication may be prescribed to help lower blood pressure levels.

Risk factors
High blood pressure in children can result from a combination of genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors. Family history of hypertension, obesity, unhealthy diet high in sodium and low in fruits and vegetables, lack of physical activity, and certain medical conditions like kidney disease or hormonal disorders can contribute to elevated blood pressure. Stress, sleep disorders, and environmental factors may play a role.

(With inputs from IANS)