From Button to Shiitake: 7 Types of Mushrooms and How to Use Them in Cooking

Mushrooms are a highly adaptable ingredient used in cuisines around the world. They bring depth, aroma, and a satisfying texture to both vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes. Each variety has its own unique flavour profile and cooking style, making them easy to incorporate into everyday meals once you understand their characteristics.

Here’s a more detailed look at 7 popular types of mushrooms and how to cook them.

1. Button Mushrooms

Button mushrooms are small, white to light cream mushrooms with a very mild flavour and soft, slightly spongy texture. Because of their subtle taste, they act like a “flavour sponge” and absorb spices, sauces, and aromatics easily.

How to cook:

• Saute with garlic, onion, and black pepper for a quick side dish
• Add to creamy pasta sauces or white gravies
• Mix into omelettes, pizzas, and sandwiches
• Use in clear soups for light texture

They are best cooked on medium-high heat so they release moisture and develop a light golden colour.

2. Cremini Mushrooms

Cremini mushrooms are often called “baby bellas” and are a more mature version of button mushrooms. They have a firmer texture and a deeper, earthier flavour.

How to cook:

• Roast with olive oil, herbs, and salt for a caramelised taste
• Add to curries and gravies for richer flavour
• Use in pasta dishes like mushroom Alfredo or tomato-based sauces
• Stir-fry with vegetables for added depth

They hold their shape well during cooking, making them ideal for longer cooking dishes.

3. Portobello Mushrooms

Portobello mushrooms are large, open-capped mushrooms with a dense, meaty texture. Their flavour is strong and savoury, making them a favourite meat substitute in vegetarian cooking.

How to cook:

• Grill with olive oil, salt, and herbs for a smoky flavour
• Use as a burger patty replacement
• Stuff with spinach, cheese, or grains and bake
• Slice and sauté for wraps or pasta

Removing the gills before cooking can help reduce excess moisture and improve texture in some recipes.

4. Shiitake Mushrooms

Shiitake mushrooms are known for their intense umami flavour and slightly chewy texture. They are widely used in Asian cuisine and are available fresh or dried.