Portugal's ancient Bussaco National Forest has become the Iberian Peninsula's first therapeutic forest, and the reason goes beyond its trees

For centuries, people have sought comfort in nature, whether through quiet woodland walks, the sound of birdsong or the calming scent of trees. Modern science increasingly supports these experiences, showing that spending time in forests can reduce stress, improve mood and even complement medical treatment. Now, Portugal has reached a significant milestone in this growing field of nature-based therapy . Bussaco National Forest has officially become the first certified Therapeutic Forest in the Iberian Peninsula, joining an exclusive group of just four such forests worldwide. The certification recognises not only the forest's exceptional biodiversity but also its carefully designed environment for guided therapeutic programmes that promote physical and mental well-being.Why Bussaco National Forest has been recognised as a therapeutic forestLocated near the spa town of Luso in Portugal's Mealhada municipality, Bussaco National Forest received its certification from the Healing Forest - International Certification Office on 17 July 2026 after years of preparation and evaluation.According to Euronews, the designation makes Bussaco the first therapeutic forest on the Iberian Peninsula and places it alongside just three other certified therapeutic forests in Austria and Germany. The certification is valid until 2031 and recognises the forest's suitability for structured therapeutic activities led by trained professionals.Speaking after the announcement, Gonçalo Breda Marques, president of the Mata do Bussaco Foundation, said the recognition brings international prestige but also a responsibility to preserve the forest and promote sustainable management.What makes a forest 'therapeutic' rather than simply beautiful?A therapeutic forest is far more than a scenic woodland. According to the Healing Forest International Certification Office, these forests are specifically assessed for their ability to support health and well-being through guided therapeutic programmes. They are designed to provide environments where qualified therapists can conduct activities that complement conventional healthcare and help people manage stress, anxiety and certain chronic conditions.To receive certification, a forest must satisfy a range of strict criteria. Natural vegetation should reduce noise pollution, shield visitors from strong winds and create visually calming surroundings. The site must also include accessible walking trails of varying difficulty, dedicated spaces for relaxation, meditation and therapeutic exercises, as well as infrastructure that allows health professionals to safely conduct nature programmes.Rather than simply encouraging recreation, therapeutic forests are intended to create carefully managed environments where contact with nature becomes part of a structured approach to improving physical and mental health.A centuries-old forest with one of Europe's richest collections of treesThe certification builds on Bussaco's long-standing reputation as one of Portugal's most remarkable natural landscapes.Covering approximately 105 hectares, the forest is home to around 250 species of trees and shrubs, making it one of Europe's finest dendrological collections. Many species were introduced by Portuguese explorers during the Age of Discovery, creating an extraordinary mix of native and exotic vegetation that has flourished for centuries.The forest is divided into four distinct landscape areas: the Arboretum, Gardens and Fern Valley, the Relic Forest, and the Pinhal do Marquês, each offering different habitats and ecological characteristics. Visitors also encounter historic chapels, walking paths, fountains and the iconic Buçaco Palace, adding significant cultural and architectural value alongside the forest's natural heritage.How Bussaco could shape the future of health and nature tourismAccording to Euronews, the new certification is expected to strengthen Portugal's position in the growing field of health and wellness tourism, where natural environments are increasingly incorporated into evidence-based approaches to well-being.By combining centuries-old woodland, exceptional biodiversity and carefully designed therapeutic spaces, Bussaco offers an example of how forests can serve purposes beyond conservation and recreation. The recognition also highlights the increasing scientific and public interest in " forest therapy ," an approach that encourages mindful immersion in nature as a complement to traditional healthcare.As one of only four certified therapeutic forests worldwide, Bussaco now stands as both a protected natural treasure and a living demonstration of how healthy ecosystems can contribute directly to human health, ensuring that its ancient trees continue to benefit future generations in more ways than one.